Vitamin B1(Thiamin)

Lorem, ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. At eaque porro culpa nemo, deleniti, perspiciatis esse dignissimos laboriosam ipsum soluta optio deserunt ratione asperiores provident illo numquam fuga nam enim nostrum temporibus in amet veritatis! Culpa obcaecati incidunt qui tenetur et mollitia atque ea repellat unde vel eum, a officiis.Vitamin B1, also called thiamin, is an essential water-soluble vitamin used in glucose and amino acid metabolism and energy production. Thiamin is readily absorbed across the intestinal mucosa via active carrier-mediated transport as well as via passive diffusion. Once in the enterocyte, thiamin can either be converted to thiamin pyrophosphate (TPP) for immediate use in the cell, or transported as thiamin into the portal circulation to the liver. Once in the liver it is rapidly distributed throughout the body. Thiamin can be found as a free vitamin within the plasma, but is largely found as part of TPP within erythrocytes and leukocytes. Thiamin is not stored in the body and is freely filtered by the renal tubules. Thiamin is required for formation of (TPP), a coenzyme used during energy production, and is required by transketolase enzymes used during glucose metabolism[1]. Cats require approximately 3x the amount of thiamin on a metabolic body weight basis relative to dogs. Thiamin (as TPP) is responsible for the decarboxylation of α-ketoacids and aceyl-CoA derivatives during amino acid and glucose metabolism. The TPP-dependant enzyme transketolase is also involved in metabolism of glucose and ribose synthesis via the pentose phosphate pathway. Thiamin is one of the essential nutrients involved with the clinical sequelae of refeeding syndrome. Refeeding syndrome can occurs when chronically starved animals are given a large bolus of readily absorbed carbohydrates without adequate amount of rate-limiting essential nutrients, specifically thiamin, potassium, and magnesium. The intracellular shift of these nutrients can cause rapid and profound clinical signs, leading to death if untreated.